sudo apt
sudo apt <update|install|remove|upgrade> [package]
Risk: Careful
What it does
Finds, installs and removes programs from Debian's own store.
When to use it
You need a tool the server does not have, or updates.
Example
$ sudo apt install treeInstall the tree program.
$ sudo apt updateRefresh the shelf list first.
$ apt show treeRead a package's label.
$ sudo apt remove treeTake it off again.
Learn it in: Packages with apt · Official docs